Self-perception of need to replace dentures and oral health-related quality of life: cross-sectional study nested in a Cohort in Southern Brazil

Aim: With the significant increase in life expectancy over the last decades, it is important to understand how oral health can impact the oral health-related quality of life of older adults. This study aimed to investigate the association between need to replace dentures and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among older adults belonging to a Cohort in southern Brazil. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with data from the 2019 Pelotas Elderly Cohort. The OHRQoL was assessed using the GOHAI. Need to replace dentures was self-report using a question dichotomized into yes/no. In the statistical analysis, unadjusted and adjusted models estimate from linear regression models were calculated. The significance level adopted was 5%. Results: A total of 493 older adults were included. On the GOHAI questionnaire, the mean score was 32.74 (SD±0.16). Individuals considering need of prosthesis replacement were 47.89%. Report of need to replace dentures was associated to lowest mean on the GOHAI score (ß -1.14; 95%CI - 1.80; -0.478, and on the physical (ß -0.56; 95%CI - 0.94 -0.17) and psychosocial (ß -0.48; 95%CI - 0.74; -0.22) dimensions. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance of also considering subjective measures of oral health in the dental care of older adults, since reporting the need for denture replacement, regardless of the reason, was associated with a worse oral health-related quality of life, including physical and psychosocial aspects

Iniquidades socioeconômicas na saúde bucal de estudantes universitários do sul do Brasil / Socioeconomic inequities in the oral health of university students in southern Brazi

Objetivo: Identificar a magnitude da associação entre experiência de cárie dentária e autopercepção negativa de saúde bucal com determinantes socioeconômicos. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com dados de uma coorte prospectiva com os universitários ingressantes na Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel) no ano de 2016. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário autoaplicável, incluindo características demográficas, socioeconômicas e psicossociais. Os desfechos do presente estudo foram a experiência de cárie autorrelatada (histórico de doença cárie) e autopercepção de saúde bucal (positiva versus negativa). Resultados: Um total de 3.237 alunos ingressou, dos quais 2.089 (64,5%) concordaram em participar do estudo. O modelo de regressão de Poisson mostrou que universitários com renda familiar de R$ 1001,00 a 5000,00 e R$ 5001,00 ou mais apresentaram, respectivamente, uma razão de prevalência (RP) 14% (RP = 0,86; IC95% 0,80-0,92) e 18% (RP = 0,82; IC95% 0,74 a 0,90) menor de experiência de cárie, assim como indivíduos cujas mães tinham ensino médio completo apresentaram uma prevalência 14% menor (RP = 0,86; IC95% 0,80 a 0,92) e ensino superior completo 19% (RP = 0,81; IC95% 0,75 a 0,87) menor de experiência de cárie, quando comparados aos grupos de referência. Na autopercepção de saúde bucal, os resultados para renda familiar de R$1001 a 5000,00 e R$ 5001 ou mais apresentaram, respectivamente, uma prevalência 23% (RP = 0,77; IC95% 0,64 a 0,91) e 43% (RP = 0,57; IC95% 0,45 a 0,72) menor de ter autopercepção de saúde bucal negativa e indivíduos cujas mães tinham ensino superior completo reportaram uma prevalência 21% menor de autopercepção de saúde bucal negativa quando comparados à referência (RP = 0,79; IC95% 0,66 a 0,97). Conclusões: Os achados do presente estudo confirmam que os indicadores socioeconômicos influenciam a experiência de cárie autorrelatada e a autopercepção de saúde bucal dos universitários.

Objective: To identify the magnitude of the association between dental caries experience and negative self-per-ception of oral health with socioeconomic determinants. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted with data from a prospective cohort with university students entering the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) in 2016. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire, including demographic, socioeconomic and psychosocial characteristics. The outcomes of the present study were experience of self-reported caries (history of caries disease) and self-perceived oral health (positive versus negative). Results: A total of 3,237 students joined, of which 2,089 (64.5%) agreed to participate in the study. The Poisson regression model known that university students with an income of R$ 1001 to 5000.00 and R$ 5001 or more primary, respectively, a prevalence ratio (PR) 14% (PR = 0,86; 95%CI 0,80-0,92) and 18% (PR = 0,82; 95%CI 0,74 a 0,90) lower of caries experience, as well as individualizing mothers had completed high school prevalence a 14% (PR = 0,86; 95%CI 0,80 a 0,92) lower prevalence and complete higher education 19% (PR = 0,81; 95%CI 0,75 a 0,87) less caries experi-ence when compared to reference groups. In the self-perception of oral health, the results for income of R$ 1001 to 5000.00 and R$ 5001 or more dissipated, respectively, a 23% (PR = 0,77; 95%CI 0,64 a 0,91) and 43% (PR = 0,57; 95%CI 0,45 a 0,72) lower prevalence of having negative self-perception of oral health and qualified originating from complete higher education reported a 23% lower prevalence of negative self-perceived oral health when compared to the reference (PR = 0,79; 95%CI 0,66 a 0,97). Conclusions: The findings of the present study confirm that socioeconomic indicators influence the experience of caries and self-perceived oral health among university students

Regular use of dental services among university students in southern Brazil / Uso regular de serviços odontológicos entre alunos de uma universidade do sul do Brasil

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To verify the prevalence and factors associated with regular use of dental services in university students of the Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel). METHODS This cross-sectional study interviewed 1,865 students aged 18 years or older, starting bachelor's degrees in 2017, enrolled in the second academic semester of 2017 and in the first of 2018 in classroom courses at UFPel. We considered regular users those who reported regularly going to the dentist with or without perceived dental problems. To test factors associated with regular use of dental services, demographic, socioeconomic and oral health variables were collected. Statistical analyses were based on Poisson regression models. RESULTS The prevalence of regular use of dental services was 45.0% (95%CI 42.7-47.3). University students of high economic class (PR = 1.47; 95%CI 0.91-2.36), with last private dental appointment (PR = 1.29; 95%CI 1.03-1.61), positive self-perception of oral health (PR = 2.33; 95%CI 1.79-3.03) and no report of toothache in the last six months (PR = 1.22; 95%CI 1.03-1.45) showed higher prevalence of regular use of dental services. CONCLUSION The results point to inequalities in the regular use of dental services related to socioeconomic factors and a lower use among university students with worse oral health conditions. These results suggest that public health prevention and promotion policies in higher education institutions must be carried out to ensure quality of life among these young adults.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Verificar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao uso regular de serviços odontológicos em acadêmicos da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel). MÉTODOS Este estudo transversal entrevistou 1.865 estudantes de 18 anos ou mais de idade, ingressantes em 2017, matriculados no segundo semestre letivo de 2017 e no primeiro de 2018 em cursos presenciais da UFPel. Consideraram-se usuários regulares os indivíduos que relataram ir regularmente ao dentista com ou sem problemas dentários percebidos. A fim de testar fatores associados ao uso regular de serviços odontológicos, foram coletadas variáveis demográficas, socioeconômicas e de saúde bucal. As análises estatísticas foram baseadas em modelos de regressão de Poisson. RESULTADOS A prevalência de uso regular de serviços odontológicos foi de 45,0% (IC95% 42,7-47,3). Os universitários de classe econômica elevada (RP = 1,47; IC95% 0,91-2,36), com última consulta odontológica particular (RP = 1,29; IC95% 1,03-1,61), autopercepção positiva da saúde bucal (RP = 2,33; IC95% 1,79-3,03) e sem relato de dor de dente nos últimos seis meses (RP = 1,22; IC95% 1,03-1,45) apresentaram maiores prevalências de uso regular dos serviços odontológicos. CONCLUSÃO Os resultados apontam para desigualdades no uso regular dos serviços odontológicos relacionadas a fatores socioeconômicos e um menor uso entre os universitários com piores condições de saúde bucal. Esses resultados sugerem que políticas públicas de prevenção e promoção em saúde em instituições de ensino superior devem ser realizadas para garantir qualidade de vida entre esses jovens.

The role of contextual and individual factors on periodontal disease in Uruguayan adults

Abstract The present study aimed at understanding the relationship between periodontitis and socio-contextual and individual determinants of health. Data from "The First Uruguayan Oral Health Survey, 2011", which included 223 and 455 individuals with 35-44 and 65-74 years old respectively, were used. A stratified, multistage cluster sampling design was adopted (cities with ≥ 20.000 residents). Periodontitis was assessed using the modified Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) (periodontal pocket and CAL ≥ 4 mm). Independent variables included contextual socioeconomic status (SES) measured by proportion of houses with Unsatisfied Basic Needs (UBN) and individual demographic and behavioral factors. Logistic regression multilevel models were generated. Living in contexts with a higher UBN was associated with higher odds for periodontitis in both age groups, even when adjusting for individual level variables (odds ratio [OR] = 1.51, 95%CI = 1.42-1.60 and 1.31, 95%CI = 1.21-1.42, respectively). Being male or heavy smoker increased the odds of periodontitis in this population for both age groups. Social structure impacts periodontal disease by modifying individual socioeconomic situations: in better socioeconomic context, UBN acts increasing the protector role of socioeconomic situation but in a poverty context the role is attenuated. Conclusions for this study are that periodontitis varies across contextual socio-demographic groups being higher in the population with a lower SES, challenging health authorities to integrate oral health into national non-communicable diseases programs.